Tradução de«economia paralela » (Português → Inglês) :

underground economy [ black economy | counter-economy | grey economy | submerged economy | unofficial economy ]

parallel economy

black economy | shadow economy | underground economy

knowledge economy [ knowledge-based economy | knowledge-driven economy | Intangible economy(ECLAS) | Knowledge society(STW) ]

green economy [ ecological economy | ecologically sustainable growth | environmentally sustainable growth | green economy strategy | green economy transition | green growth | Alternative economy(STW) ]

command economy | controlled economy | managed economy | planned economy

lecturer in economics | university economics lecturer | economics lecturer | university lecturer in economics

e-economy | internet economy | new economy | online economy | web economy

knowledge economy | KE | knowledge-based economy | KBE | new economy | NE | global new economy

Already now, a complete underground economy has developed, where all sorts of criminal products and services are traded, including, drugs, weapons, hired killings, stolen payment credentials and child abuse.

39. Points out that documented, electronic, non-cash transactions make participating in the black economy more difficult, and that a strong correlation appears to exist between the proportion of electronic payments in a country and its black economy; encourages the Member States to lower their thresholds for compulsory non-cash payments;

39. Points out that documented, electronic, non-cash transactions make participating in the black economy more difficult, and that a strong correlation appears to exist between the proportion of electronic payments in a country and its black economy ; encourages the Member States to lower their thresholds for compulsory non-cash payments;

Evidence from 30 European Countries, Policy Research Working Paper, No 5912, World Bank, December 2011; In From the Shadow — Integrating Europe's Informal Labor, Packard, T., Koettl, J., Montenegro, C.E., World Bank, 2012, Chapter 1.

3. Draws attention to the fact that electronic, non-cash transactions are documented and therefore make participating in the shadow economy more difficult, and that a strong correlation appears to exist between the proportion of electronic payments in a country and its shadow economy; encourages the Member States to lower their thresholds for compulsory non-cash payments;

3. Draws attention to the fact that electronic, non-cash transactions are documented and therefore make participating in the shadow economy more difficult, and that a strong correlation appears to exist between the proportion of electronic payments in a country and its shadow economy ; encourages the Member States to lower their thresholds for compulsory non-cash payments;

A country-wide survey carried out in 2006 concerning private health expenditure in Greece reveals that the hidden economy accounts for 1.8 billion euro of a total of 7 billion euro of private expenditure on health.

The vast majority of all new jobs for young labour market entrants in Africa are in the informal economy, with low productivity and income, poor working conditions, lack of career prospects and with little or no social protection.

In Africa, too many jobs for young labour market entrants are in the informal economy with low productivity and income, poor working and living conditions and with little or no social protection.

i) those which operate in both the formal economy and the black economy and

It was not possible to demonstrate that the former was reduced by the latter. Most of the results are no more than hypotheses unsupported by any demonstrated causal link between the measure and a reduction in the black economy.

The benefits have been clear and include reductions in inactivity, reduced 'losses' of Asylum Seekers to the black economy and greater contributions to the local economy.

Continued progress has been made as regards macroeconomic stability as well as in implementing the pre-requisites listed in the Commission's Feasibility Report, despite the persistent structural weakness of the Albanian economy and the high percentage of the shadow economy.

The benefits have been clear and include reductions in inactivity, reduced 'losses' of Asylum Seekers to the black economy and greater contributions to the local economy.

(3) this reduced VAT rate is likely to reduce the incentive for the businesses concerned to join or remain in the black economy.

Whereas the declaration by the Council and the Commission, recorded in the minutes of the Council, on the occasion of the adoption of Directive 89/130/EEC, Euratom, has indicated that the committee set up by Article 6 of the said Directive, hereinafter called the 'GNP Committee`, should concentrate its work on improving the degree of coverage of the so-called parallel economy in the national accounts.

Among the direct one, we find the repercussions on the economy (corrective payments for environmental damage, black economy associated with marginalized urban areas, deficiencies of the tax system), on the social field ("dichotomy" between residence and place of work) and on the environment (with well over 80 % of pollution created in urban areas).

Such collaboration might take the form of: - support, at the request of one of the competent services, for preventive action, such as inspection visits to places of work where there is hard evidence that the activities of those services could be obstructed or nullified or could involve any type of risk; - support during inspections where the work of the competent services is seriously impeded in their investigations into the hidden economy; - prompt support where assistance is requested by the competent services in emergency situations.

This degradation has been caused both by tax competition between Member States following the liberalization of capital movements and by the development of the parallel economy (the relocation of taxable bases towards the black economy).

The economic criteria include applying a stable and viable budgetary policy; the reform of public finance management; a stable monetary policy; improved bankruptcy procedures; the liberalisation of remaining administered prices; the strengthening of financial control; reform of the pension and sickness-insurance systems; restructuring and privatisation of the insurance sector; the formalisation of the grey economy; the development of stable and viable property and land markets; the promotion of employment (training, a decrease in structural rigidities, improvement of the educational system and the business environment); privatisation and the strengthening of ...[+++] competition policy.